Subspecies in India
(1) Papilio agenor polymnestor Cramer, 1775 – Indian Blue Mormon
Taxonomic Information
This was formerly treated as a distinct species (P. polymnestor), but is now treated as a subspecies of Papilio agenor - Great Mormon (Joshi and Kunte 2022; Condamine et al. 2023). Images of Papilio polymnestor are still available on this website under the species page of Papilio polymnestor but they will eventually move to the species page of Papilio agenor - Great Mormon as the website is updated.
Conservation and Special status
This species is not legally protected in India under any schedules of WildLife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Photo Gallery and Species Biology
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| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | No date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands UT | |||||||||||||
| Andhra Pradesh | 2 | ||||||||||||
| Arunachal Pradesh | |||||||||||||
| Assam | |||||||||||||
| Bihar | |||||||||||||
| Chandigarh | |||||||||||||
| Chhattisgarh | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli UT | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Daman & Diu UT | |||||||||||||
| Delhi | |||||||||||||
| Goa | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |||||||||
| Gujarat | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Haryana | |||||||||||||
| Himachal Pradesh | |||||||||||||
| Jammu and Kashmir UT | |||||||||||||
| Jharkhand | |||||||||||||
| Karnataka | 3 | 2 | 17 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 6 | 23 | 12 | 4 | |
| Kerala | 5 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 16 | 21 | 21 | 9 | 4 | |
| Ladakh UT | |||||||||||||
| Lakshadweep | |||||||||||||
| Madhya Pradesh | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||
| Maharashtra | 1 | 8 | 11 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 13 | 30 | 72 | 53 | 46 | 16 | |
| Manipur | |||||||||||||
| Meghalaya | |||||||||||||
| Mizoram | |||||||||||||
| Nagaland | |||||||||||||
| Odisha | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
| Puducherry UT | |||||||||||||
| Punjab | |||||||||||||
| Rajasthan | |||||||||||||
| Sikkim | |||||||||||||
| Tamil Nadu | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | ||||||
| Tripura | |||||||||||||
| Uttar Pradesh | |||||||||||||
| Uttarakhand | |||||||||||||
| West Bengal | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 2 | |||||
| Total | 12 | 15 | 32 | 12 | 27 | 20 | 24 | 51 | 113 | 111 | 94 | 28 |
Garcinia gummi-gutta, Garcinia xanthochymus (Clusiaceae). Aegle marmelos, Atalantia spp., Atalantia racemosa, Atalantia wightii, Citrus spp., Citrus aurantium (=Citrus reticulata), Citrus limon (=Citrus latifolia), Citrus medica (Abhishek Rane pers. obs. 2023), Citrus maxima, Glycosmis pentaphylla, Murraya koenigii, Paramignya monophylla (Rutaceae).
Key Reference:
Nitin, R., V. C. Balakrishnan, P. V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash, and K. Kunte. 2018. Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10(4): 11495–11550.
For the complete list of larval host plants of Indian butterflies, see the page on larval host plants.
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Page citation
Saji, K., H. Ogale, R. Lovalekar, R. Das, T. Bhagwat, F. Khan, M. Konwar, J. A. Jacob, and N. Kawthankar 2025. Papilio (agenor) polymnestor Cramer, 1775 – Peninsular Great Mormon (=Blue Mormon). In Kunte, K., S. Sondhi, and P. Roy (Chief Editors). Butterflies of India, v. 4.12. Published by the Indian Foundation for Butterflies. URL: https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/papilio-polymnestor, accessed 2025/05/20.