Subspecies in India
(1) Melanitis phedima varaha Moore, [1858] – Sahyadri Dark Evening Brown
(2) Melanitis phedima bethami de Nicéville, 1887 – Satpuda Dark Evening Brown
(3) Melanitis phedima bela Moore, [1858] – Bengal Dark Evening Brown
(4) Melanitis phedima ganapati Fruhstorfer, 1908 – Myanmarese Dark Evening Brown
Photo Gallery and Species Biology
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| State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | No date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands UT | |||||||||||||
| Andhra Pradesh | |||||||||||||
| Arunachal Pradesh | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | |||||||
| Assam | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |||||||
| Bihar | |||||||||||||
| Chandigarh | |||||||||||||
| Chhattisgarh | |||||||||||||
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli UT | |||||||||||||
| Daman & Diu UT | |||||||||||||
| Delhi | |||||||||||||
| Goa | |||||||||||||
| Gujarat | |||||||||||||
| Haryana | |||||||||||||
| Himachal Pradesh | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Jammu and Kashmir UT | |||||||||||||
| Jharkhand | |||||||||||||
| Karnataka | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 17 | 5 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| Kerala | 4 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 19 | 10 | 4 | |||||
| Ladakh UT | |||||||||||||
| Lakshadweep | |||||||||||||
| Madhya Pradesh | 2 | ||||||||||||
| Maharashtra | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||
| Manipur | |||||||||||||
| Meghalaya | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||
| Mizoram | |||||||||||||
| Nagaland | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Odisha | |||||||||||||
| Puducherry UT | |||||||||||||
| Punjab | |||||||||||||
| Rajasthan | |||||||||||||
| Sikkim | 1 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 5 | 1 | |||||||
| Tamil Nadu | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Tripura | |||||||||||||
| Uttar Pradesh | |||||||||||||
| Uttarakhand | |||||||||||||
| West Bengal | 1 | ||||||||||||
| Total | 8 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 11 | 7 | 16 | 48 | 35 | 20 | 11 |
Andropogon (Kunte 2006), Apluda (Kunte 2006), Bambusa bambos (Kunte 2006), Cymbopogon (Kunte 2006), Cyrtococcum (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Digitaria (Kunte 2006), Eleusine (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Eragrostis (Kunte 2006), Ischaemum semisagittatum (Kunte 2006), Ochlandra (P. Churi pers. obs. 2017), Oplismenus compositus (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Oryza sativa (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Panicum (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Pennisetum (Kunte 2006), Setaria (Kunte 2006), Sorghum (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Zea (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Kunte 2000), Spodiopogon rhizophorus (Kalesh & Prakash 2015) (Poaceae).
Key Reference:
Nitin, R., V. C. Balakrishnan, P. V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash, and K. Kunte. 2018. Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10:11495–11550.
For the complete list of larval host plants of Indian butterflies, see the page on larval host plants.
Key Reference:
Nitin, R., V. C. Balakrishnan, P. V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash, and K. Kunte. 2018. Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10:11495–11550.
For the complete list of larval host plants of Indian butterflies, see the page on larval host plants.
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Page citation
Saji K. & Prashanth S. N. 2024. Melanitis phedima (Cramer, [1780]) – Dark Evening Brown. In Kunte, K., S. Sondhi, and P. Roy (Chief Editors). Butterflies of India, v. 4.12. Published by the Indian Foundation for Butterflies. URL: https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/melanitis-phedima, accessed 2024/12/03.