Subspecies in India
(1) Moduza procris procris (Cramer, [1777]) – Oriental Commander
(2) Moduza procris undifragus Fruhstorfer, 1906 – Sahyadri Commander
(3) Moduza procris anarta (Moore, 1877) – Andaman Commander
Conservation and Special status
This species is not legally protected in India under any schedules of WildLife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Photo Gallery and Species Biology
State | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | No date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andaman and Nicobar Islands UT | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Andhra Pradesh | 1 | ||||||||||||
Arunachal Pradesh | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||
Assam | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 2 | 2 | ||||||
Bihar | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Chandigarh | |||||||||||||
Chhattisgarh | 2 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||
Dadra & Nagar Haveli UT | 1 | ||||||||||||
Daman & Diu UT | |||||||||||||
Delhi | |||||||||||||
Goa | 1 | ||||||||||||
Gujarat | |||||||||||||
Haryana | |||||||||||||
Himachal Pradesh | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Jammu and Kashmir UT | 2 | 1 | |||||||||||
Jharkhand | |||||||||||||
Karnataka | 7 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 6 | ||||
Kerala | 2 | 3 | 4 | 8 | 1 | 14 | 5 | 6 | 12 | 5 | |||
Ladakh UT | |||||||||||||
Lakshadweep | |||||||||||||
Madhya Pradesh | 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | |||||||
Maharashtra | 31 | 21 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 25 | 47 | 39 | ||
Manipur | |||||||||||||
Meghalaya | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||
Mizoram | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
Nagaland | 1 | ||||||||||||
Odisha | |||||||||||||
Puducherry UT | |||||||||||||
Punjab | 1 | ||||||||||||
Rajasthan | |||||||||||||
Sikkim | 1 | ||||||||||||
Tamil Nadu | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||
Tripura | 1 | ||||||||||||
Uttar Pradesh | |||||||||||||
Uttarakhand | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
West Bengal | 13 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 10 | 13 | 18 | |||
Total | 55 | 30 | 10 | 16 | 11 | 9 | 15 | 32 | 40 | 69 | 99 | 78 |
Cadaba fruticosa (Wynter-Blyth 1957) (Capparaceae). Grewia nervosa (V.C. Balakrishnan pers. obs. 2017) (Malvaceae). Prunus dulcis (Wynter-Blyth 1957) (Rosaceae). Cinchona (Robinson et al. 2010), Mitragyna parvifolia (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010), Mussaenda frondosa (Davidson & Aitken 1890; Davidson et al. 1896; Bell 1910c; Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010), Mussaenda philippica (V.C. Balakrishnan pers. obs. 2017), Neolamarckia cadamba (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010), Ochreinauclea missionis (Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010), Wendlandia (Robinson et al. 2010), Wendlandia heynei (Davidson et al. 1896; Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010), Wendlandia thyrsoidea (Bell 1910; Wynter-Blyth 1957; Robinson et al. 2010) (Rubiaceae). Hedyotis orixense (Wynter-Blyth 1957) (Rubiaceae).
Key Reference:
Nitin, R., V. C. Balakrishnan, P. V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash, and K. Kunte. 2018. Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10:11495–11550.
For the complete list of larval host plants of Indian butterflies, see the page on larval host plants.
Key Reference:
Nitin, R., V. C. Balakrishnan, P. V. Churi, S. Kalesh, S. Prakash, and K. Kunte. 2018. Larval host plants of the butterflies of the Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 10:11495–11550.
For the complete list of larval host plants of Indian butterflies, see the page on larval host plants.
Page citation
Saji K., H. Ogale, R. P. Das, T. Bhagwat 2024. Moduza procris (Cramer, [1777]) – Commander. In Kunte, K., S. Sondhi, and P. Roy (Chief Editors). Butterflies of India, v. 4.12. Published by the Indian Foundation for Butterflies. URL: https://www.ifoundbutterflies.org/moduza-procris, accessed 2024/10/31.